Dynamic System Simulation for Optimizing the Ready-to-Load Parking Capacity at the LCM Wharf, Ferry Port

Abstract

The integration of the Trans-Java Toll Road has triggered induced demand and batch arrival patterns at the Ketapang Ferry Port, potentially creating structural bottlenecks due to space limitations. This study aims to determine the ideal capacity of the 6,170 m² ready-to-load parking area at LCM Piers (IV, V, and VI) to mitigate vehicle queues using a dynamic system simulation method (Powersim). Evaluation based on daily operational data for normal conditions and the peak season for the March 2026 Eid al-Fitr transportation period indicates that parking performance is ideal for the Class VII vehicle scenario with a Density Index of 0.57 (57% utilized), leaving 2,651 m² of idle space. Conversely, in the Class VIII vehicle scenario, land space utilization reaches saturation with a Density Index of 0.98 (98% utilized), leaving only 2% of the remaining space (123 m²). This critical condition triggers the highest level of warning (critical alarm), because a minor delay in the ship loading process will immediately cause a queue of vehicles to overflow outside the port authority or national road